Thursday, October 11, 2007

Right turning (bio) cultures

No, this post is not about politics, it's about food and chemistry. I thought I was done with organic chemistry when I finally passed the last exam of study program Graphic arts technology at Faculty of Natural Science and Engineering in Ljubljana, but then I happen to see this on the fridge shelf at a local supermarket: standyoghurt: rechtdraaiend melkzuur, aangezuurd door rechtdraaiende bio-cultures. Translated, right-turning milk acids, made by right-turning bio-cultures.
I have to admit that I find yoghurt in Holland quite different from those which I know from Slovenia. Holland yoghurt is more creamy and it is sold in tetrapak, like milk. The above mentioned standyoghurt was packed in a cup, and I learned that it is different from the other ones. But not because of the right turning milk acids!
There are two different types of yoghurt which differ by the temperature and the duration of the making process:

  • Roeryoghurt, which is more common in the Netherlands, is processed at a lower temperature (32°C) for 10-14 hours. It can be made in big containers (up to 20 cubic meters), where it's also being mixed. Because of that it has a very creamy texture and it's easy to make big quantities and then fill up the tetrapaks.
  • Standyoghurt is a yoghurt known in the rest of Europe. Cups are filled with warm milk and acid cultures and closed. That is then being kept at a temperature of 40-45°C for about 4-6 hours. This yoghurt has more sensitive structure which is destroyed if stirred, that's why it's packed in cups and not tetrapak.
And what do the right turning cultures have to do with this all?
Milk acid is chiral and has two optical isomers.

Optical isomers are substances, known for the ability of turning the polarized light into left or right. Depending on the side of turning, we call them left or right turning substances.

But what does it matter? Left or right turning?
Not much, it doesn't affect the taste nor quality. As a fact, most natural milk acids are right turning. Someone just thought it could attract customers if this is written on a package.

3 comments:

Maja said...

i think (i guess i read it somewhere) D- and L- chirality afects our body cells in different ways... could be?

Polona said...

They used to think that right-turning molecules are much healthier than the left-turning ones.

Anonymous said...

Good words.